Ever wonder why people seem to be ignoring your emails?
The first formalized study of email deferral in the workplace, conducted by a Cheriton School of Computer Science PhD candidate, outlines the primary reasons people tend to put off responding to online correspondence.
While there are a wide range of characteristics regarding emails that impact decisions to defer handling, the research has found these can be grouped into five main considerations: time or effort involved in handling the email, identity of the sender, number of recipients on the thread, user’s workload and context, and the urgency of the email message.
The study, co-authored by Bahareh Sarrafzadeh from Waterloo’s David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science in the Faculty of Mathematics, found that people are more likely to delay responding to emails when handling them involves replying, reading carefully, or clicking on links and attachments, while also factoring in a person’s workload, and the importance of the sender.
“One of the reasons we found for people deferring handling emails is that when there are multiple recipients the thinking might be that someone else will reply or it may not be clear at once who is required to respond,” said Sarrafzadeh, who conducted the study during her research internship at Microsoft Research.
“The sender of the email is also a factor. Sometimes you think if the sender is important then the reply will not be deferred, but we found that it could be the opposite. When it is your peer, it’s usually less effort to reply because you already know what the answer is.”
In undertaking the study, the researchers interviewed 15 participants with a very diverse set of roles within their organization, ranging from product managers and researchers to software developers and interns to gain more insights about email deferral. They then examined anonymized action logs of tens of thousands of users of a popular commercial email client to verify the information obtained during the interviews.
“Our interviews confirmed that deferral is common, with all 15 participants revealing that they are deferring handling messages daily while in our large-scale log analysis [with 40,000 users], 16 per cent of them deferred at least one email per day.”
The researchers say their model can reasonably predict the intention of a user to return to an email they initially deferred. Once they’ve managed to do this prediction right, they plan to design clients to remind users about emails they need to return to, enabling users to get tasks done more effectively and in a timely manner.
The paper, titled Characterizing and Predicting Email Deferral Behavior, co-authored by Sarrafzadeh and Microsoft researchers Ahmed Hassan Awadallah, Christopher Lin, Chia-Jung Lee, Milad Shokouhi and Susan Dumais, was published recently in the Proceedings of the 12th ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining.
Media coverage of this research
- Why we don't answer our emails: UW study (CBC Radio, The Morning Edition K-W, April 4, 2019)
- This is probably why your colleagues are ignoring your emails (CTV News, April 7, 2019)
- No one answering your email? You're not alone, Waterloo study finds (CBC News, April 8, 2019)
