Ubuntu Post-install Steps

Version information

These notes are being updated for Ubuntu 8.04 (as of Fall 2008)

Automatic Security Updates

• https://help.ubuntu.com/10.04/serverguide/automatic-updates.htm
  • Note: verified to work with 12.04

Network configuration

The default is DHCP and should "just work". If you need a static config, see below:

DHCP configuration

1. Edit /etc/hostname replacing localhost with the system hostname
   • will just be single, unqualified name-only, eg: scspc013
   • Note: in DNS: create "scspc013.cs" with scspc013.uwaterloo.ca as a CNAME
2. Edit /etc/hosts modifying the 127.0.1.1 entry
   • 127.0.1.1 scspc013 scspc013.cs scspc013.cs.uwaterloo.ca scspc013.uwaterloo.ca
3. Delete /etc/iftab this file reserves the hardware MAC of the network interface (from the image master - which we don't want)
4. Delete the contents of /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persitant-net.rules - see https://www.cs.uwaterloo.ca/twiki/view/CF/Udev

Note you can use dhclient eth0 to ask for DHCP settings

Static IP configuration (not generally used - DHCP recommended)

• Note the following may no longer be correct (as of August 2006) as we're not doing it this way anymore

1. Edit /etc/network/interfaces - ONLY if you are going to use static addressing - see example
   NOTE You should use VLAN 7 or 84 which have DHCP
   • Make sure you update inventory or DNS with the MAC address
     
   • Please consider renumbering the machine if it is not on VLAN 7 or 84
2. Edit /etc/hostname replacing localhost with the system hostname - this can be the fully qualified domain name
   • will just be single, unqualified name-only, eg: scspc013
   • Note: in DNS: create "scspc013.cs" with scspc013.uwaterloo.ca as a CNAME
3. Edit /etc/hosts adding the ip and host name of the system (ie "129.97.74.237 csgradpc49 csgradpc49.cs csgradpc49.cs.uwaterloo.ca csgradpc49.uwaterloo.ca")
   • Note if you use DHCP add the name to the localhost entry! otherwise various things will break
     • depends on how fast your network comes up
   • Note2 MikeP says - Legato will break if you do this!!!
4. Edit /etc/resolv.conf removing 192.168.1.1 entry, and add options ndots:2 to the bottom

Cleanup /tmp (optional/not needed?)

1. Remove contents of /tmp, if they exist

Graphics configuration

• This is almost certainly obsolete as of Ubuntu 9.04. A new procedure is not known as of 2009-10-5.
• Confirm that the Graphical Login window has the correct resolution
• if incorrect, fix it using the following:
  1. Try Ctrl-Alt-Backspace. If it comes up correctly, you're done. If not:
     1. login as cscf-adm
     2. System -> Preferences -> Screen Resolution
     3. See if you can choose 1280x1024, if so, choose it. If not:
        1. Open a console session (Ctrl-Alt-F1)
        2. login as cscf-adm
        3. start a root shell (sudo -s)
        4. # dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg
        5. Accept all defaults up until it does the monitor detection, shortly after you will be shown a list of screen resolutions - make sure that all appropriate resolutions for your monitor are selected (select/deselect with cursor keys and space bar)
        6. Accept the rest of the defaults
        7. Restart GDM: # /etc/init.d/gdm restart

Distribution update

• login as cscf-adm
• become root: sudo -s
• # apt-get update (Respond "Y" when asked)
• # apt-get dist-upgrade (Respond "Y" when asked)

Cleanup ssh keys

1. # rm /etc/ssh/*key* and # dpkg-reconfigure openssh-server (to generate new host keys)
   • on the recent 7.10 image, openssh-server is not installed, so do # apt-get install openssh-server

Add new user

1. Log in to GNOME and go to the add user control panel, add user as an Administrator (look under the Advanced tab)
2. (Non-grad PCs) As of Ubuntu Dapper (6.10), you will need to do the following:
   • Under "User privileges", make sure "Executing System Administration tasks" is checked
   • This will add the user to the Admin group, which allows sudo and other privileges
   • Under "Groups", check "lpadmin"

(Not necessary?) Arrange for user to have print queue access

1. Send email to accounts@cs to request access to quota lj_cs for the new user on the new machine
   • this will allow the user to print to the Grad PC or any other CS core printers

Setup printing

Automatically (Using Browsing - 6.06 confirmed, 6.10 doesn't seem to work like this)

1. cd /etc/cups/cups.d
2. edit browse.conf
   • change it to look like the following:

           Browsing On
           BrowsePoll print.cs
            

3. restart cups: /etc/init.d/cupsys restart
4. Open Print Administration ( UNNECESSARY if you edit browse.conf as directed above)
   • System -> Administration -> Printing (must have gnome-cups-manager package installed)
   • Global Settings -> Detect LAN Printers (turns it on for now) (Specifically this has the effect of putting Browsing On in the /etc/cups.d/browse.conf)
   • turn it off again: Global Settings -> Detect LAN Printers (This puts Browsing Off into /etc/cups.d/browse.conf file).
   • remove the BrowsePoll directive to avoid the machine "spinning" later.

Ubuntu 7.10

Important: To setup the printer, you have to be member of "lpdadmin" group.

1. Add the following lines to the file /etc/cups/cupsd.conf

             Browsing On
             BrowsePoll print.cs
             BrowseInterval 3600
             BrowseTimeout 3700
          

2. restart cups: /etc/init.d/cupsys restart

In previous instances of Ubuntu a separate browse.conf and ports.conf file may have been present---largely because it permitted dpkg-reconfigure cupsys to ask certain specific questions.

Graphic tool:

1. Use the System -> Administration -> Printing
2. Click "New Printer"
   • Step 1:
     • Select Network Printer: Unix Printer (LPD)
       (Ubuntu 7.10, LPD/LPR host or printer)
     • Host: print.cs.uwaterloo.ca
     • Queue: lj_csgrad (printer name on Ubuntu 7.10)
     • Click "Forward"
   • Step 2 - Select Printer Driver
     • HP - LaserJet 4200 Series Postscript
     • Apply
3. Setup duplexing:
   • Right-click -> Properties -> Paper -> Double-sided -> Long-side

Ubuntu 8.04

If the previous procedure is not helpful, it may work with "Internet Printing protocol" (ipp). ipp://services102.cs.uwaterloo.ca:631/printers/lj_csgrad (or whatever printer's name) or try using AppSocket/HP JetDirect". From there specify printer's IP address or CS name. (socket://xxx.yyy.zzz.nnn:9100)

List of Cups printers

• http://services102.cs.uwaterloo.ca:631/printers

File Examples

/boot/grub/menu.lst edit example

• Example changes for converting sda to hda

vi /boot/grub/menu.lst
 %s/sda/hda/
  :wq
or -
 sed -e 's/sda/hda/' /boot/grub/menu.lst  > /boot/grub/menu.new
 mv /boot/grub/menu.new /boot/grub/menu.lst

• Edit the file /boot/grub/menu.lst and look for the line kopt . Uncomment it and change the root= segment appropriately (hda for ATA and sda for SATA ).
• If you need to change the default root partition (shouldn't be necessary) Uncomment and change the root= line. ( grub will automatically reconfigure itself the next time you boot.)
• NOTE. The program update-grub manipulates the /boot/grub/menu.lst in buggy ways, see https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/grub/+bug/62195 for details with respect to kopt option (it's not a grub option but an update-grub option!).

/etc/fstab example for ATA drives

• Replaced hda with sda for SATA drives

# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
#                
proc            /proc           proc    defaults        0       0
/dev/hda5       /               ext3    defaults,errors=remount-ro 0       1
/dev/hda8       /home           ext3    defaults        0       2
/dev/hda7       /shared         vfat    rw,user,auto    0       0
/dev/hda6       none            swap    sw              0       0
/dev/hdc        /media/cdrom0   udf,iso9660 ro,user,noauto  0       0
/dev/fd0        /media/floppy0  auto    rw,user,noauto  0       0

Static IP Example

Note Use this section only if you insist on deploying a machine with a static IP

• comment out the DHCP line if you are using static addressing - see example below for details
• uncomment the static section of /etc/network/interfaces like this (replace the xxx with your subnet)
• do something with resolv.conf

iface eth0 inet static
 address 129.97.xxx.xxx
 netmask 255.255.255.0
 broadcast 129.97.xxx.255
 network 129.97.xxx.0
 gateway 129.97.xxx.1
 # maybe you'll need this, ensure that ethtool is present on the system
 # post-up ethtool -s eth0 speed 100 duplex full autoneg off