On the Variation of the Sum of Digits in the Zeckendorf Representation: An Algorithm to Compute the Distribution and Mixing Properties
Yohan Hosten
Laboratoire Amiénois de Mathématique
Fondamentale et Appliquée Université de Picardie Jules Verne
33, rue Saint Leu
80000 Amiens
France
Abstract:
We study probability measures defined by the variation of the sum of
digits in the Zeckendorf representation. For r ≥ 0 and d ∈ Z, we
consider μ(r)(d), the density of integers n ∈ N for which the sum
of digits increases by d when r is added to n. We give a probabilistic
interpretation of μ(r) via the dynamical system provided by the odometer
of Zeckendorf-adic integers and its unique invariant measure. We give
an algorithm for computing μ(r) and we prove the exponential decay of
μ(r)(d) as d → -∞, as well as the formula
μ(Fℓ) = μ(1)
where Fℓ
is a term of the Fibonacci sequence. Finally, we decompose the Zeckendorf
representation of an integer r into so-called "blocks" and show
that when added to an adic Zeckendorf integer, the successive actions
of these blocks can be seen as a sequence of mixing random variables.
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Received October 13 2023; revised versions received October 18 2023; January 19 2024; February 23 2024.
Published in Journal of Integer Sequences,
February 24 2024.
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