Derangements and Alternating Sum of Permutations by Integration
Mehdi Hassani
Department of Mathematics
University of Zanjan
University Blvd.
45371-38791 Zanjan
Iran
Abstract:
Let P(n,j) denote the number of j-permutations of
n objects. In
this paper we obtain
the generating function for the alternating sequence
(-1)j P(n,j).
Our method gives an integral representation
for the difference Dn – n!/e,
where Dn denotes the number of
derangements on n objects.
Using this integral representation, we compute
the moments of this difference, and we also get an asymptotic expansion
for Dn with coefficients in terms of
the Bell numbers Bn.
We also give a simple proof of the irrationality of e.
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(Concerned with sequences
A000110
A000166.)
Received March 23 2020; revised version received July 28 2020.
Published in Journal of Integer Sequences,
July 29 2020.
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