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{\bf WD-pic, \\
} 
\Large{\bf
a New Paradigm for Picture Drawing Programs \\
and \\
its Development as a Case Study of \\
the Use of its User's Manual as its Specification }

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\normalsize
by \\
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\large
Lihua (Lizzy) Ou\\
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A thesis \\
presented to the University of Waterloo \\ 
in fulfillment of the \\
thesis requirement for the degree of \\
Master of Mathematics\\
in \\
Computer Science\\

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Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2002\\

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\copyright Lihua Ou, 2002\\

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Thanks are given to many people for their help on this thesis. First of 
all, I would like to thank my supervisor Dr. Daniel M. Berry, who made the whole thesis 
possible and gave me many excellent suggestions. I would also like to 
thank my readers Dr. Joanne M. Atlee and Dr. Michael W. Godfrey for their 
great help on modifying the thesis. Jo also gave me plenty of 
encouragement and support to do the first presentation of the work at 
an early stage. Michael lent me his PC for the testing at the last stage.
Thanks to Dr. Andrew J. Malton for his valuable suggestions. Thanks to 
Steve and Shelly Rose for proofreading the manual. Last, but not the least,  thanks to my family and friends, including my boy friend, without  
whom this thesis would have been much harder to write. Thank you.

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\textbf{Abstract} \\
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The \program{pic} language is a graphics language for specifying line drawings to be typeset. The \program{pic} program is a pre-processor of \program{troff} that runs in batch mode on \program{Unix} environments. In this work, \program{WD-pic}, a \textbf{W}YSIWYG \textbf{D}irect-manipulation \textbf{pic}, is developed. \program{WD-pic} operates on a new paradigm for WYSIWYG, direct-manipulation picture drawing in which mouse movement is minimized by use of natural defaults being used for information normally provided by the mouse, and in which the internal representation is directly editable in the program. The work is also a case study of using the user's manual for a Computer-Based System (CBS) as its requirement specification. The result of the case study indicates that along several dimensions, user's manual makes an excellent requirement specification for CBSs. The user's manual not only specifies the what not how of the CBS at the users level, but it also serves as a useful requirements elicitation and validation tool, as a repository of use cases, and as a useful source of covering test cases.

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