Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 27 (2024), Article 24.3.2

On the Variation of the Sum of Digits in the Zeckendorf Representation: An Algorithm to Compute the Distribution and Mixing Properties


Yohan Hosten
Laboratoire Amiénois de Mathématique
Fondamentale et Appliquée Université de Picardie Jules Verne
33, rue Saint Leu
80000 Amiens
France

Abstract:

We study probability measures defined by the variation of the sum of digits in the Zeckendorf representation. For r ≥ 0 and dZ, we consider μ(r)(d), the density of integers nN for which the sum of digits increases by d when r is added to n. We give a probabilistic interpretation of μ(r) via the dynamical system provided by the odometer of Zeckendorf-adic integers and its unique invariant measure. We give an algorithm for computing μ(r) and we prove the exponential decay of μ(r)(d) as d → -∞, as well as the formula μ(F) = μ(1) where F is a term of the Fibonacci sequence. Finally, we decompose the Zeckendorf representation of an integer r into so-called "blocks" and show that when added to an adic Zeckendorf integer, the successive actions of these blocks can be seen as a sequence of mixing random variables.


Full version:  pdf,    dvi,    ps,    latex    


Received October 13 2023; revised versions received October 18 2023; January 19 2024; February 23 2024. Published in Journal of Integer Sequences, February 24 2024.


Return to Journal of Integer Sequences home page